Green Dot is a closely held company with a set of principal shareholders that have contacts throughout the narrow universe of the prepaid debit card market. Green Dot has filed an application to buy Bonneville Bank, a small one-branch state-chartered bank in Utah. The Federal Reserve is currently reviewing that application. There has been some discussion about the role of Wal-Mart in this transaction. Will this allow Wal-Mart to effectively own a bank? That is a valid question, but I believe that there is another pressing issue that needs to be resolved.
I think that this transaction could give new vitality to the payday lending industry. By giving the owners of Green Dot the rights to an unsullied bank charter, the Fed could empower high-cost subprime lenders to dramatically increase the scope of their business. This transaction involves a small dollar bank, but it carries the potential to impact millions of households.
The unbanked and underbanked market is vast. Some estimates put the size of this group at as large as 110 million, depending upon how it is defined. Many of these households are unbanked because they haven’t honored their commitments. However, others are underbanked simply because they don’t have a substantial credit history. Thin file and no-file consumers have a hard time getting a bank account, let alone a credit card, even though they have never defaulted on a loan. It is unfortunate that (more…)